Anatomy Q1 - 228

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Section 1: Bones, Joints and Muscles

1. Bones & Joints

• The bone as an organ- structure, development and growing. Biological features.

Bones tissue supports fleshy structures, provides cavities for vital organs and harbours bone marrow. Bone is specialized connective tissue and composed of calcified intercellular matrix (bone matrix) and three cell types. These are:

Osteocytes - found in cavities between layers of the bone matrix Osteoblasts - which synthesize the organic components of the matrix Osteoclasts - of Macrophage origin, giant multinucleated cell involved in bone resorption.

Osteocytes communicate with the blood capillaries through canaliculi. These very thin canals allow metabolites to exchange between osteocytes and the capillaries as they material cannot diffuse through the calcified ECM.

All bones are lined on the internal surface by endosteum and on the external surface by periosteum.

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