Practical handbook of spirometry third edition
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Table of Contents
Foreword . I
Abbreviations and Units vii
CHAPTER 1: Anatomy and Physiology 1
1» Introduction 3
2. Anatomy of the Respiratory System 3
2-1 The Lungs 3
2.2 Rib Cage 4
2.3 Pleura! Membranes 4
2.4 Respiratory Tract 4
2.5 Alveolar Capillary Membrane 8
2.6 Mucociliary Escalator 9
3. Physiology of the Respiratory System 10
3.1 Static Lung Volumes 10
3.2 Elastic Properties of the Lung 11
3.3 Airway Resistance 12
3.4 Dynamic Flows and Volumes 14
3.5 Dynamic Airway Compression 14
3.6 Respiratory Muscles 16
3.7 Ventilation 17
3.8 Innervation of the Lungs and Tracheobronchial Tree 19
4* Summary 19
CHAPTER 2: Pathophysiology 21
1, Introduction 23
2, Patterns of Spirometry In Respiratory Disorders 23
2.1 Background 23
2.2 Principle Uses 23
2.3 Summary of Patterns 24
2.4 Disease Classification 25
3, Obstructive Lung Disorders . r. 25
3.1 Asthma - Definition and Characteristics 26
3.2 Chronic Asthma 27
3.3 Occupational Asthma 28'
3.4 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 29
3.5 Chronic Bronchitis 33.
3.6 Emphysema 34
3.7 Lung Function in CORD 36
3.8 Bronchiectasis 37
3.9 Cystic Fibrosis 38
3.10 Upper Airway Obstruction
4, Restrictive Ventilatory Disorders
4.1 Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
4.2 Pneumoconiosis
4.3 Sarcoidosis
4.4 Chest Wail and Pleura! Diseases
4.5 Neuromuscular Disorders
4.6 Systemic Causes of Restrictive Ventilatory Disorders
5. Summary
. CHAPTER 3: Performance of Spirometry
1, Introduction
2, Definition of Terms and Units of Measurement
2.1 Units of Measurement
2.2 Definitions of Commonly Reported Indices
2.3 Less Commonly Reported Indices
3, Reasons for Requesting Spirometry
4* Peak Expiratory Flow
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Equipment for the Measurement of Peak Flow
4.3 Uses of Peak Flow Meters
4.4 Procedure for Measuring Peak Flow
4.5 Errors in Measuring Peak Flow
4.6 Interpretation of PEF results
4.7 Sequential Peak Flow Monitoring
4.8 Occupational Asthma Assessments
4.9 Steroid Trial
4.10 Management Plans
4.11 Limitation of Peak Flow Monitoring
5, Spirometry Measurement (FEVi, FVC and VC)
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Equipment
6, , Absolute and Relative Contraindications for Spirometry
6.1 Background
6.2 Key Contraindications
6.3 Time Scale for Recovery Post-Contraindication
7, Test Procedures
7.1 FEVi and FVC'
7.2 Vital Capacity
8* Time for Testing
8.1 Pre-Test
8.2 Test Procedure - FEVi, FVC and VC
8.3 Inhaled Therapy Response
