Practice Makes Perfect - German Verb Tenses
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CONTENTS
Unit 1 Conjugation of Verbs in the Present Tense 3
Usage of the Present Tense 3
Formation of the Present Tense 7
Unit 2 The Present Tense of haben, sein, and werden 19
Unit 3 Verbs with a Vowel Change in the Stem 23
Verbs with Stem-Vowel Changes from a to a and au to au 23
Verbs with a Stem-Vowel Change from e to i or to ie 25
Unit 4 Verbs with Inseparable and Separable Prefixes 30
Inseparable Prefixes 30
Separable Prefixes 32
Prefixes That Can Be Separable or Inseparable 37
Unit 5 Modal Auxiliaries 41
Conjugation of the Modal Auxiliaries 41
Modals Used with Infinitives 42
Modal Position in a Subordinate Clause 44
Omission of the Infinitive 45
Unit 6 wissen and kennen 49
Conjugation of wissen 49
Meanings of wissen and kennen 50
Unit 7 legen/liegen and stellen/stehen 52
Unit 8 Imperative Verbs 54
Formal Commands 54
Familiar Commands 55
The Command Forms of sein and werden 58
Unit 9 Impersonal Verbs 61
Impersonal Weather Verbs 61
Impersonal Sensory Verbs 61
Unit 11 The Future Tense 73
Adverbs of Time 73
Position and Form of Modals 75
Expressing Probability 77
Unit 12 The Past Tense 80
Usage of the Past Tense 80
Weak Verbs 80
Strong Verbs 83
Mixed Verbs 89
haben, sein, and werden 91
Modal Auxiliaries 94
Unit 13 The Present Perfect Tense 103
Usage of the Present Perfect Tense 103
Formation of the Present Perfect Tense 103
Present Perfect Tense of Weak Verbs 104
haben or sein as the Auxiliary Verb in Perfect Tenses 107
Present Perfect Tense of Strong Verbs 111
Present Perfect Tense of Mixed Verbs 117
Present Perfect Tense with Separable Prefixes 119
Present Perfect Tense with Inseparable Prefixes 121
Present Perfect Tense with Verbs Ending in -ieren 124
Present Perfect Tense of Modal Auxiliaries and of sein and haben 127 Subordinate Clauses and the Present Perfect Tense 127
Unit 14 The Past Perfect Tense 130
Unit 15 The Future Perfect Tense 134
Unit 16 lassen 138
Unit 17 Reflexive Verbs 141
Reflexive Verbs with Accusative Pronouns 142
Reflexive Verbs with Dative Pronouns 142
Reflexive Constructions to Show Personal Interest 145
“Each Other” 145
Reflexive Commands 146
Perfect Tenses of Reflexive Verbs 146
Unit 18 Infinitives 148
Infinitives Without zu 148
Infinitives with zu 154
Unit 19 Review Exercises in the Future and Past Tenses, lassen, Reflexive Verbs, and Infinitives 161
The Passive Voice, Subjunctive Mood, and Conditional Tense
Unit 20 The Passive Voice 173
Active Voice Versus Passive Voice 173
von or durch 174
Impersonal Passive Constructions 176
sein and the Passive Voice 177
Substitutes for the Passive Voice 178
Unit 21 Subjunctive I 184
Mood: Indicative and Subjunctive 184
Use and Formation of the Subjunctive I 184
Unit 22 Subjunctive II and wurde Constructions 191
Use and Formation of the Subjunctive II 191
The wurde Construction 197
Unit 23 Conditional Sentences 201
Conditions of Fact 201
Unreal Conditions 202
Speculation About the Past 204
Omitting wenn 205
Unit 24 Review Exercises in the Passive Voice, Subjunctive Mood, and Conditional Tense 207
Appendix A: Verb Summary 215
Appendix B: Principal Parts of Verbs 225
Appendix C: Verbs with Prepositions 228
Answer Key 230
